Eggplant-pearl millet rust - Puccinia substriata

This warm temperate tropical rust produces an aecial stage on Solanum including eggplant and the uredinial and telial stages on various species of Poaceae especially pearl millet. This rust appears to be restricted to Africa and the western hemisphere where it has recently become especially damaging in no-till farming systems in central Brazil (Carvalho et al., 2006).

Puccinia substriata var. substriata Ellis & Barthol. 1897

Anamorphic stage: Aecidium tubulosum Pat. & Gaillard, 1888

Aecia hypophyllous (on the lower side of the leaf), spots brown, cup shaped sorus; aeciospores 26-30 × 21-27 µm. Wall 1-1.5 µm thick, verrucose, pale orange.

Uredinia amphigeous or mainly abaxial surface, cinnamon-brown; spores 24-31 × 24-27 µm, mostly broadly ellipsoid or obovoid, wall 1.5-2 µm thick, cinnamon brown, echinulate, germ pores 3-5, equatorial.

Uredinia hypophyllous (on the lower side of the leaf), sometimes amphigenous, scattered, elliptic, 0.3-0.8 mm long, cinnamon-brown, epidermis opening broadly by longitudinal or irregular rupture; urediniospores broadly ellipsoid or obovoid, 23-30 × 28-36 µm; wall cinnamon-brown, 1.5-2 µm thick slightly thicker above, moderately echinulate; pores usually 4, less commonly 2, rarely 4, equatorial or slightly below, slightly constricted at septum, 19-26 × 33-50 µm; wall chestnut-brown or frequently golden-brown in tropical collections, 1.5-2 µm thick at sides, 3-7 µm at apex, smooth; hyaline or yellowish.

Telia mostly on abaxial surface, exposed, compact, dark brown; teliospores 34-50 × 20-26 µm, mostly oblong ellipsoid, or clavate, wall 1.2-2 µm thick at sides, 3-7 µm apically, chestnut brown.

See Cummins (1971) for a more detailed description.

Host Range Telial stage on Poaceae: Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv. Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler Digitaria californica (Benth.) Henrard Digitaria cognata (Schult.) Pilg. Digitaria eriantha Steud. Digitaria horizontalis Willd. Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. Digitaria spp. Echinochloa polystachya (Kunth) Hitchc. Eriochloa punctata (L.) Desv. ex Ham. Eriochloa polystachya Kunth Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B. K. Simon & S. W. L. Jacobs Panicum antidotale Retz. Paspalum setaceum Michx. var. ciliatifolium (Michx.) Vasey Paspalum conjugatum P. J. Bergius Paspalum coryphaeum Trin. Paspalum densum Poir. Paspalum densiflorum Doll Paspalum fasciculatum Willd. ex Flugge Paspalum fimbriatum Kunth Paspalum floridanum Michx. Paspalum floridanum Michx. var. glabratum Engelm. ex Vasey Paspalum hartwegianum E. Fourn. Paspalum macrophyllum Kunth Paspalum maritimum Trin. Paspalum millegrana Schrad. Paspalum multicaule Poir. Paspalum malacophyllum Trin. Panicum millegrana Poir. Paspalum mandiocanum Trin. Paspalum notatum Flugge Paspalum pilosum Lam. Paspalum plicatulum Michx. Paspalum pubiflorum Rupr. ex E. Fourn. Paspalum quadrifarium Lam. Paspalum regnellii Mez Paspalum remotum J. RemyPaspalum scrobiculatum L. Paspalum setaceum Michx. Paspalum setaceum Michx. var. stramineum (Nash) D. J. Banks Paspalum spp. Paspalum urvillei Steud. Paspalum virgatum L. Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. (pearl millet) Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult. Pennisetum stramineum Peter Physalis acutifolia (Miers) Sandwith Setaria longiseta P. Beauv. Setaria macrostachya Kunth Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. subspp. pumila Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen Setaria setosa (Sw.) P. Beauv. Setaria spp. Setaria setosa (Sw.) P. Beauv. Setaria tenax (Rich.) Desv. Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.Trichachne sppUrochloa texana (Buckley) R. D. WebsterUrochloa mutica (Forssk.) T. Q. Nguyen

Notes Patouillard & Gaillard (1888) reported the aecial stage of this fungus as Aecidium tubulosum. Whetzel & Olive (1915) suggested that A. tubulosum was associated with Puccinia substriata Ellis & Barth. In 1918, Tomas proved that A. tubulosum was Puccinia substriata by artificial inoculation experiments. In the same year, Arthus (1918b) reported this fungus as P. tubulosa and later agreed that A. tubulosum on Solanum torvum was actually P. substriata.

Geographic distribution Africa, North America (Caribbean, Central America, Mexico, USA), South America

Additional illustrations http://www.apsnet.org/online/Archive/2009/IW000100.asp

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Nomenclature

Specimens in BPI

Additional distribution data

Suggested citation: Yun, H.Y. Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. . Invasive Fungi. Eggplant-pearl millet rust - Puccinia substriata. Retrieved November 21, 2009, from http://nt.ars-grin.gov/sbmlweb/fungi/index.cfm .